USDA: 9-11
Frost Tolerance: Damaged below 20°F (-7°C), killed at 10°F (-12°C)
Sun Exposure: Full sun
Origin: Western Canary Islands
Growth Habits: Tree 60 to 80 feet (18-24 m) or more, 30 feet spread (18 m); red-brown and buff, very thick, scaly bark; fine needles in bundles of 3, 6 to 12 inches long (15-30 cm), bluish when young
Watering Needs: Fairly drought tolerant, needs supplemental water in southern California and in the deserts
Propagation: Seeds, cuttings from young trees
Resistant to oak root fungus
Fruiting Habits:
Large glossy brown cones, 4 to 9 inches long (10-22 cm)
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