Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 632. Courtesy of Kentucky Native Plant Society
Sunset®: All zones
USDA: 4-10
Heat Tolerance: Little to occasional water in the low deserts
Sun Exposure: Full sun
Origin: USA (Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Arkansas)
Growth Habits: Small deciduous tree, about 30-60 feet tall (9-18 m); inner bark is orange; sap is milky; stout thorns 0.5 to 1 inch long (1.3-2.5 cm); bright green leaves 2 to 5 inches long (5-12 cm); tap root
Flowers: Greenish flowers
Watering Needs: Little to no water
Propagation: Seeds, softwood cuttings, root cuttings
Some varieties are being selected with less thorns. Selected trees are propagated from male trees and have no fruit.
Blooming Habits:
Dioecious, inconspicuous flowers from April to June
Fruiting Habits:
Females osage orange tree have large, round inedible fruits (hedge-apple), 4 inches in diameter (10 cm), ripens from September to October. The fruit is composed of many fleshy calyces, each containing one seed.
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